Pine is one of the most difficult woods to stain. It is not often stained because the wood does not take most stains evenly, and when it is done it’s not usually a DIY project!
To really provide a conventional-looking stained look on pine most woodworkers use a dye (not a stain), and likely an alcohol soluble one. There are then a few more steps to get the final look.
Here are some more DIY friendly and eco friendly ways to stain, paint and finish pine.
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1. A DIY Stained Look on Pine
There is another option for staining pine which is far more user-friendly and is non-toxic too.
Natural oils with integrated pigments work for staining pine.
Rubio Monocoat (RMC)
RMC is a natural-based linseed oil plus stain in one.
You still get some variation in color. And it does matter which species pine you are using. Be sure to talk with Rubio Monocoat to get specific advice.
When you click on their website you can see some examples of which colors will work on pine. In the Gallary click on pine to see some real project results.
I like the tiger-striped look that you get with the Black color but be sure to make samples (you can buy sample sizes and the full sizes on Amazon or via their website).
I would say talking with the company is required when staining a difficult wood like pine.
Linseed has some naturally occurring VOCs and we don’t know everything that is in Rubio Monocoat, however after my deep dive into this product I still use and recommend it.
Sealing Over an Oil Based Stain
Over that, you could put Zinsser Bullseye Shellac if you want to seal in odors of the linseed and/or of the pine itself (for those who are super sensitive to these natural odors).
Though shellac is rarely used on floors as it’s not an ideal finish for anything that gets wet a lot, it can be used on some wooden items like some furniture or toys.
Other than this optional (but unusual) step to seal in odors for those who are extremely sensitive, you do not normally add anything over Rubio.
2. A DIY Painted Look on Pine
If you want a really even finish on pine, you should probably go for a painted look.
First, A Stain Blocking Primer
Pine requires a stain blocking primer – this is needed to block the natural tannins from bleeding through.
Usually BIN Shellac is used here, but this is too high in VOCs for most chemically sensitive people. That is their white paint/primer version.
Shellac in it’s more pure version can also be used, which is just natural shellac wax and alcohol.
Zinsser Sanding Sealer is often used as a stain-blocking primer but some 0 VOC paint brands make primers too.
Stain Blocking Acrylic Paint
You can use a paint that is labeled stain-blocking like this one from ECOS Paints, then over that you can use one of their non-toxic paints.
This is the easiest way to go if you are painting pine with eco friendly products.
ECOS is a good 0-VOC paint.
Using Chalk Paint
The other way to get the painted look would be to use Zinsser Shellac and then chalk paint.
The lowest toxicity chalk paint in my experience is Annie Sloan. You can go to their website and choose a stockist there to find where to buy it.
It’s a very low odor paint, it’s lower in VOCs (in my experience) than regular acrylic wall paint.
If you want a chalk paint that is less expensive and easier to source, Rustoleum Chalked has similar performance. It costs a lot less and you can buy it on Amazon.
It’s not a washable surface, so be sure to read my post about chalk paint. I’m a huge fan of this paint for what it can do and how safe it is to use.
3. A Clear Finish for Pine
There are lots of non-toxic options for clear finishes on pine. It’s still best to seal the knots with Zinsser Sanding Sealer to prevent bleed out.
Then you can go over that with a low VOC polyurethane or acrylic finish.
Depending on what the item is that you are sealing, I like AFM PolyBP (quite durable and works on floors too), AFM Acrylacq (for furniture and molding), ECOS for an all acrylic option, works well on furniture, not durable for the floors in my experience.
If you would like to look at more clear finish/varnish options I have a post where I tested and compared all of the eco-friendly brands.
If you are extremely sensitive, you can contact me to help figure out which finishes might be best for you.
Alcohol Based Finishes
Zinsser Bullseye shellac can be used if you want to block the pine-y smell of the wood and are not using another clear coat over it.
Shellac is not known for taking lots of water well so it’s rarely used on floors anymore. This version (the Bullseye) is also the most difficult to paint or seal over (though you can go over it with Chalk Paint).
It has a slight sweet smell for about 24-48 hours but you can bring it in as soon as it feels dry. Shellac is very safe it’s basically just alcohol and the natural resin from the beetle.
Natural Oil Finishes
You can use a drying oil as the final finish on pine. Tung oil is the most durable of the natural oils (this one is totally pure with no additives or solvents).
Linseed oil is the next most durable option (Tried and True is a rare pure version).
Other less pungent oils work as sealers but are less durable to wear and tear and scrubbing. I have used hemp oil and walnut oil and I like both of those finishes as well.
Corinne Segura is a Building Biologist Practitioner with 6 years of experience helping others create healthy homes.
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